Fig. 2

Cross-country inequality analysis of aortic aneurysm. (A) Frontier analysis based on ASDR for aortic aneurysm and SDI in 2021, with the frontier in solid black and countries as dots. The top 15 countries with the largest effective difference were labeled in black. Frontier countries with low SDI (< 0.5) and low effective difference were labeled in blue, while those with high SDI (> 0.85) and relatively high effective difference were labeled in red. Blue dots signified a rise in ASDR, while red dots indicated a decline in ASDR during 1990–2021; (B) Concentration index for DALYs of aortic aneurysm worldwide in 1990 and 2021, with points representing countries sized by population; (C) Frontier analysis based on ASDR for aortic aneurysm and SDI from 1990 to 2021, where the color scale represents the years (dark blue for 1990, light blue for 2021), and the frontier is delineated in solid black; (D) Inequality slop index for DALYs of aortic aneurysm worldwide in 1990 to 2021, with points representing countries sized by population. Data in 1990 was visualized in blue, while data in 2021 was visualized in red. Abbreviations: ASDR: age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years rate; DALYs: disability-adjusted life-years; SDI: sociodemographic index