Table 4 Parallel trend test

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

Hospitals_it × 

Medicare_it

0.098

0.137

0.034^***

0.047^***

0.032^***

0.048^***

0.033^***

0.027^*

0.034^***

0.050^***

(0.078)

(0.099)

(0.008)

(0.016)

(0.008)

(0.016)

(0.008)

(0.015)

(0.008)

(0.016)

Hospitals_it

−0.143^**

−0.135^*

−0.0085

−0.002

−0.004

−0.001

−0.006

0.015

0.004

−0.017

(0.068)

(0.074)

(0.007)

(0.013)

(0.007)

(0.013)

(0.008)

(0.014)

(0.012)

(0.014)

Medicare_it

0.003

−0.026^**

−0.005

−0.020^**

−0.004

−0.021^**

−0.007

−0.014

−0.007

−0.017^**

(0.014)

(0.013)

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.007)

(0.009)

Gender_it

0.054^***

0.038^***

0.020^***

0.023^***

0.042^***

0.030^***

0.041^***

0.034^***

0.041^***

0.034^***

(0.008)

(0.009)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.005)

(0.006)

(0.005)

(0.006)

(0.005)

(0.006)

Age_it

−0.012^***

−0.015^***

0.055^***

0.062^***

−0.012^***

−0.012^***

−0.010^***

−0.013^***

−0.010^***

−0.013^***

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.000)

(0.000)

(0.000)

(0.000)

(0.000)

(0.000)

Education_it

0.026^***

0.023^***

0.080^***

0.132^***

0.018^***

0.022^***

0.017^***

0.017^***

0.017^***

0.017^***

(0.004)

(0.005)

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

Reasons_it

−0.016^***

−0.006^**

−0.052^***

−0.058^***

−0.017^***

−0.014^***

−0.018^***

−0.010^***

−0.018^***

−0.010^***

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.006)

(0.008)

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.003)

(0.002)

(0.003)

Marriage_it

0.070^***

0.056^***

−0.010^***

−0.012^***

0.061^***

0.061^***

0.056^***

0.061^***

0.056^***

0.060^***

(0.012)

(0.013)

(0.000)

(0.000)

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.007)

(0.009)

Income_it

0.087^***

0.158^***

0.001

0.001

0.078^***

0.128^***

0.080^***

0.102^***

0.079^***

0.103^***

(0.011)

(0.014)

(0.000)

(0.001)

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.007)

(0.009)

(0.007)

(0.009)

Expenditure_it

−0.048^***

−0.079^***

−0.010^***

−0.010^***

−0.050^***

−0.056^***

−0.048^***

−0.053^***

−0.049^***

−0.054^***

(0.009)

(0.012)

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.006)

(0.008)

(0.006)

(0.008)

(0.006)

(0.008)

Year

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Province

Yes

Yes

Province × Year

Yes

Yes

Constant

3.744^**

3.512^***

3.907^**

3.516^***

3.912^***

3.481^***

3.812^***

3.599^***

3.828^***

3.607^***

(0.081)

(0.102)

(0.043)

(0.077)

(0.051)

(0.060)

(0.051)

(0.062)

(0.050)

(0.067)

Observations

11,829

9,820

28,029

19,416

28,179

19,542

28,179

19,542

28,179

19,542

R-squared

0.114

0.159

0.092

0.145

0.098

0.147

0.101

0.163

0.102

0.165