Fig. 2

Restricted Cubic Spline for the association between anti-inflammatory diet and health outcomes. Note: (A) Anti-inflammatory diet with cognitive impairment, (B) Anti-inflammatory diet with physical dysfunction, (C) Anti-inflammatory diet with depressive symptoms, (D) Anti-inflammatory diet with multimorbidity. A was adjusted for sex (male, female), age (< 80, < 90, ≥90), residence (city, town, rural), economic status (good, general, poor), widowed (yes, no), sleep duration (< 7 h, 7–8 h, > 8 h), drinking status (current, former, never), smoking status (current, former, never), body type (underweight, normal, overweight, obese). B, C, and D were further adjusted for education (illiterate, primary school, middle school or above)