BMC Public Health

Table 3 Adjusted effect of family factors on adolescent KAP (subscales of PSDQ) (N = 207)

From: Assessing family influence on adolescent healthy eating: insights from knowledge, attitudes, and practices in a cross-sectional survey in Hong Kong

	Adolescent KAP scale scores
	Knowledge		Attitudes		Practices
	Initial^a	Final^a	Initial^a	Final^a	Initial^a	Final^a
Parent KAP scale scores
Knowledge	0.25^**	0.28^***	0.05		−0.05
Attitudes	−0.05		0.14	0.22^***	−0.05
Practices	0.10		0.00		0.09
PSDQ subscale scores
Authoritative	0.03		−0.14^*	−0.11^*	0.06
Authoritarian	0.04		0.08		0.09
Permissive	0.15	0.13	−0.08		−0.06
PAAEH score	0.14		0.10		0.05
FPP score	−0.07		0.07		0.11	0.18^***
Parental characteristics
Married	−0.48		1.05		1.46
Senior secondary or above	2.00		0.79		−3.34^*	−2.86^*
Employed
Part-time	−4.13		−3.70	−3.61	4.81^*	4.08^*
Full-time	−4.43		0.86		1.16
With chronic disease	−4.07	−4.62	3.05		−2.26
Household characteristics
Household income (≥ HK$20,000)	2.09		−2.45		0.50
Household size (≥ 4)	−2.21		−3.53^*	−3.19^*	1.06
R²	0.15	0.09	0.38	0.34	0.39	0.35

FPP Food Parenting Practice, PAAEH Parent Attitudes towards Adolescent Eating Habit, PSDQ Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire, R² R-squared
^*p-value < 0.05; **p-value < 0.01; ***p-value < 0.001 by multivariable linear regression
^aUnstandardized coefficients (B) of the multivariable linear regression are shown. Dyad age, gender and adolescent KAP scale scores (excluding the construct being examined) were adjusted in the initial models; final models were selected by backward elimination until the p-values of all remaining variables were < 0.1

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