Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the 10133 non-depressed and depressed subjects
Variables | Total (N = 10,133) | Depressed (N = 681) | Non-Depressed (N = 9452) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Male | 4575 (45.1%) | 145 (21.3%) | 4430 (46.9%) | |
 Female | 5558 (54.9%) | 536 (78.7%) | 5022 (53.1%) | |
Occupation status |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Employed | 5091 (50.3%) | 198 (29.1%) | 4893 (51.9%) | |
 Unemployed | 5022 (49.6%) | 482 (70.9%) | 4540 (48.1%) | |
Level of education | Â | Â | Â | 0.001* |
 Illiterate | 4646 (45.8%) | 275 (40.4%) | 4368 (46.3%) | |
 Primary education | 3292 (32.5%) | 267 (39.2%) | 3024 (32.0%) | |
 Middle school education | 1358 (13.4%) | 95 (14.0%) | 1263 (13.4%) | |
 Diploma | 604 (6.0%) | 32 (4.7%) | 571 (6.0%) | |
 Post-diploma or higher | 234 (2.3%) | 12 (2.3%) | 222 (2.3%) | |
Sociodemographic status | Â | Â | Â | 0.913 |
 Poor | 3366 (33.2%) | 222 (32.6%) | 3144 (33.3%) | |
 Intermediate | 3316 (32.7%) | 222 (32.6%) | 3094 (32.8%) | |
 High | 3444 (34.0%) | 236 (34.7%) | 3208 (34.0%) | |
Active smoker |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Yes | 2738 (27.0%) | 127 (18.6%) | 2611 (27.6%) | |
 No | 7395 (73.0%) | 554 (81.4%) | 6841 (72.4%) | |
Passive smoker |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Yes | 1886 (18.6%) | 90 (13.2%) | 1796 (19.0%) | |
 No | 8247 (81.4%) | 591 (86.8%) | 7656 (81.0%) | |
Alcohol consuming | Â | Â | Â | 0.061 |
 Yes | 485 (4.8%) | 22 (3.2%) | 463 (4.9%) | |
 No | 9648 (95.2%) | 659 (96.8%) | 8989 (95.1%) | |
Opioid use |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Yes | 2113 (20.9%) | 86 (12.6%) | 2027 (21.4%) | |
 No | 8020 (79.1%) | 595 (87.4%) | 7425 (78.6%) | |
Diabetes |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Yes | 1249 (12.3%) | 127 (18.6%) | 1122 (11.9%) | |
 No | 8883 (87.7%) | 554 (81.4%) | 8329 (88.1%) | |
Hypertension |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Yes | 2030 (20.0%) | 192 (28.2%) | 1838 (19.4%) | |
 No | 8102 (80.0%) | 489 (71.8%) | 7613 (80.6%) | |
Cardiovascular disease |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Yes | 1099 (10.8%) | 111 (16.3%) | 988 (10.5%) | |
 No | 9033 (89.2%) | 570 (83.7%) | 8463 (89.5%) | |
Stroke | Â | Â | Â | 0.016* |
 Yes | 124 (1.2%) | 15 (2.2%) | 109 (1.2%) | |
 No | 10,009 (98.8%) | 666 (97.8%) | 9343 (98.8%) | |
Fatty liver disease |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Yes | 1048 (10.3%) | 135 (19.8%) | 913 (9.7%) | |
 No | 9084 (89.7%) | 546 (80.2%) | 8538 (90.3%) | |
Chronic lung disease |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Yes | 187 (1.8%) | 26 (3.8%) | 161 (1.7%) | |
 No | 9945 (98.2%) | 655 (96.2%) | 9290 (98.3%) | |
Rheumatic disease |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Yes | 503 (5.0%) | 57 (8.4%) | 446 (4.7%) | |
 No | 9629 (95.0%) | 624 (91.6%) | 9005 (95.3%) | |
Other psychiatric disorders |  |  |  |  < 0.001* |
 Yes | 915 (9.0%) | 256 (37.6%) | 659 (7.0%) | |
 No | 9218 (91.0%) | 425 (62.4%) | 8793 (93.0%) | |
EI (kcal/day) | 2936.01 ± 1143.70 | 2651.43 ± 985.69 | 2956.66 ± 1151.72 |  < 0.001* |
Physical activity (Met-h/day) | 41.49 ± 11.28 | 38.86 ± 8.74 | 41.63 ± 11.50 |  < 0.001* |
BMI (Kg/m2) | 25.65 ± 4.82 | 26.66 ± 4.80 | 25.57 ± 4.85 |  < 0.001* |