The impact of physical and mind exercise on functional disability in activities of daily living among the oldest old

Table 2 Associations between physical and Mind exercise and ADL disability

Variables	Model 1			Model 2			Model 3
Variables	OR	SE	95% CI	OR	SE	95% CI	OR	SE	95% CI
Physical exercise (1 = yes)	0.534	0.021	0.494, 0.579	-	-	-	0.551	0.022	0.509, 0.596
Mind exercise (1 = yes)	-	-	-	0.559	0.030	0.504, 0.621	0.596	0.032	0.537, 0.661
Age (1 = 100 years and older)	2.880	0.137	2.624, 3.162	2.876	0.136	2.621, 3.156	2.848	0.135	2.595, 3.126
Gender (1 = male)	1.103	0.046	1.017, 1.196	1.138	0.047	1.049, 1.234	1.106	0.046	1.019, 1.200
Marital status (1 = married)	0.540	0.027	0.490, 0.594	0.543	0.027	0.494, 0.598	0.542	0.027	0.492, 0.596
Education status (1 = literacy)	0.893	0.037	0.824, 0.968	0.898	0.037	0.829, 0.973	0.875	0.036	0.807, 0.949
Region (1 = urban)	1.828	0.068	1.700, 1.966	1.779	0.066	1.655, 1.912	1.848	0.069	1.718, 1.988
Live alone (1 = yes)	0.256	0.016	0.227, 0.288	0.257	0.016	0.228, 0.289	0.255	0.016	0.227, 0.288
Pension (1 = yes)	1.876	0.095	1.698, 2.071	1.749	0.087	1.586, 1.928	1.919	0.098	1.736, 2.120
Drinking (1 = yes)	0.750	0.033	0.687, 0.819	0.742	0.033	0.680, 0.811	0.758	0.034	0.694, 0.827
Smoking (1 = yes)	0.742	0.037	0.673, 0.819	0.755	0.038	0.685, 0.833	0.766	0.038	0.695, 0.845
MMSE [0–30]	0.893	0.003	0.887, 0.900	0.892	0.003	0.885, 0.898	0.895	0.003	0.889, 0.902
Depression [3–24]	0.926	0.006	0.914, 0.939	0.920	0.006	0.908, 0.933	0.929	0.006	0.916, 0.941

ISSN: 1471-2458