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Table 2 Association between baseline frailty and risk of cancer

From: Association of frailty and its trajectory with the risk of cancer: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)

Group

Number of cases

Person-years

Model 1 h (95% CI)

Model 2 h (95% CI)

Model 3 h (95% CI)

Non-frailty

107

477

1.00

1.00

1.00

Pre-frailty

116

482

1.31 (1.01,1.71)

1.34 (1.03,1.75)

1.34 (1.03,1.75)

Frailty

25

100

1.59 (1.03,2.46)

1.66 (1.07,2.56)

1.66 (1.07,2.56)

Increase in frailty index per 0.1

  

1.21 (1.06,1.37)

1.22 (1.07,1.39)

1.22 (1.07,1.39)

Grouped by age

     

< 60 years old

     

Non-frailty

62

174

1.00

1.00

1.00

Pre-frailty

57

262

1.48 (1.03,2.12)

1.46 (1.01,2.10)

1.42 (0.98,2.06)

Frailty

9

68

2.01 (1.00,4.04)

1.98 (0.98,4.01)

1.92 (0.94,3.93)

Increase in frailty index per 0.1

  

1.28 (1.05,1.56)

1.27 (1.03,1.55)

1.25 (1.01,1.55)

≥ 60 years old

     

Non-frailty

45

304

1.00

1.00

1.00

Pre-frailty

59

220

1.05 (0.71,1.55)

1.11 (0.75,1.65)

1.09 (0.73,1.612)

Frailty

16

32

1.18 (0.67,2.09)

1.32 (0.74,2.35)

1.25 (0.69,2.257)

Increase in frailty index per 0.1

  

1.11 (0.93,1.33)

1.12 (0.97,1.39)

1.14 (0.95,1.374)

Grouped by sex

     

Male

     

Non-frailty

61

241

1.00

1.00

1.00

Pre-frailty

44

193

1.13 (0.76,1.66)

1.06 (0.71,1.57)

1.04 (0.70,1.55)

Frailty

9

35

1.52 (0.76,3.07)

1.36 (0.67,2.77)

1.33 (0.64,2.74)

Increase in frailty index per 0.1

  

1.15 (0.93,1.42)

1.10 (0.88,1.37)

1.09 (0.87,1.37)

Female

     

Non-frailty

46

237

1.00

1.00

1.00

Pre-frailty

72

289

1.51 (1.04,2.19)

1.56 (1.07,2.27)

1.51 (1.03,2.21)

Frailty

16

65

1.71 (0.97,3.025)

1.83 (1.02,3.28)

1.70 (0.93,3.10)

Increase in frailty index per 0.1

  

1.25 (1.06,1.47)

1.28 (1.08,1.52)

1.26 (1.05,1.50)

  1. Model 1 only considered the association between frailty index and cancer risk; Model 2 adjusted for age, sex, and type of residence; Model 3 further adjusted for all risk factors