Table 5 Predictors of hospital LOS for adults who had a cochlear implant during 2011 to 2021, in New South Wales, Australia

Place of residence

 Urban

Ref

Ref

 Rural

1.38 (1.23, 1.55) ^**

-

1.15 (1.05, 1.27) ^*

-

Socio-economic index

 1 (most disadvantaged)

0.95 (0.81, 1.12)

1.20 (1.04, 1.38) ^*

 2

1.25 (1.08, 1.44) ^*

-

1.30 (1.15, 1.48) ^**

-

 3

1.25 (1.07, 1.45) ^*

-

1.17 (1.03, 1.34) ^*

-

 4

0.93 (0.78, 1.11)

-

1.10 (0.96. 1.26)

-

 5 (least disadvantaged)

Ref

-

Ref

-

Number of Charlson comorbidities

 None

Ref

-

Ref

 ≥ 1

1.53 (1.29, 1.82) ^**

-

1.06 (0.95, 1.20)

-

Mental health disorder diagnosis

 No

Ref

Ref

 Yes

2.62 (2.14, 3.20) ^**

-

2.14 (1.74, 2.64) ^**

-

Number of implants

 1

-

-

Ref

Ref

 ≥ 2

-

-

0.52 (0.36, 0.74) ^*

0.37 (0.21, 0.65) ^*

Number of implants removals

 None

Ref

Ref

Ref

 ≥ 1

2.97 (2.39, 3.69) ^**

2.25 (1.72, 2.95) ^**

1.61 (1.18, 2.20) ^*

-

Mechanical complications

 No

-

-

Ref

 Yes

-

-

1.82 (1.17, 2.83) ^*

-

Total treatment costs

2.26 (2.05, 2.48) ^**

2.20 (2.05, 2.36) ^**

2.24 (2.05, 2.44) ^**

2.62 (2.41, 2.84) ^**

All-cause NAP contacts

 1–6

Ref

 7–12

0.94 (0.79, 1.13)

-

-

-

 ≥ 13

1.22 (1.08, 1.38) ^*

-

-

-

Hospital type

 Public

Ref

 Private

0.78 (0.70, 0.86) ^**

-

-

-

Principal diagnosis

 Diseases of the ear and mastoid procedure

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Neoplasms

4.54 (3.59, 5.74) ^**

6.15 (4.96, 7.61) ^**

5.52 (4.54, 6.69) ^**

8.58 (6.94, 10.62) ^**

 Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes

0.90 (0.53, 1.54)

3.83 (2.03, 7.24) ^**

2.72 (1.94, 3.80) ^**

9.28 (6.29, 13.68) ^**

 Factors influencing health status and contact with health services

1.05 (0.61, 1.81)

3.46 (1.76, 6.80) ^**

0.75 (0.34, 1.69)

9.03 (3.49, 23.32) ^**

 Other diagnoses^a

8.30 (6.62, 10.41) ^**

7.81 (6.26, 9.73) ^**

1.74 (1.25, 2.42) ^**

2.85 (1.60, 5.08) ^*