Table 4 Multilevel negative binomial regression showing factors associated with the number of vaccination doses children received, July–August 2024

Maternal education (Ref: Can’t read and write)

  Primary education

1.12 (0.94–1.33)

0.213

1.09 (0.92–1.29)

0.329

 Secondary education or higher

1.20 (1.01–1.42)

0.036

1.20 (1.01–1.41)

0.033

Religion (Christian vs. Muslim)

1.02 (0.80–1.29)

0.894

1.02 (0.80–1.30)

0.895

Walking time to nearest health facility (hospital, health center, or health post) (Ref: > 60 min)

 < 30 min

1.10 (0.90–1.34)

0.360

0.93 (0.74–1.16)

0.499

 30–60 min

1.28 (1.06–1.56)

0.01

1.06 (0.86–1.30)

0.586

Wealth quintile (Ref.: poor)

 Middle

1.39 (1.16–1.67)

< 0.001

1.39 (1.16–1.68)

< 0.001

 Rich

1.32 (1.09–1.61)

0.006

1.31 (1.08–1.60)

0.006

Previous history of facility delivery (yes vs. no)

1.56 (1.35–1.83)

< 0.001

1.54 (1.32–1.79)

< 0.001

CHW home visit during pregnancy (yes vs. no)

1.32 (1.15–1.52)

< 0.001

1.29 (1.13–1.48)

< 0.001

Any child under the age of 5 years had an immunization card (yes vs. no)

2.45 (2.08–2.88)

< 0.001

2.32 (1.97–2.73)

< 0.001

Region (agrarian vs. pastoral)

0.40 (0.29–0.54)

< 0.001

0.13 (0.07–0.23)

< 0.001

Walking time to nearest health facility Agrarian* Region

 < 30 min*Pastoral

3.20 (1.83–5.57)

< 0.001

 30–60 min*Pastoral

3.65 (2.09–6.37)

< 0.001

Model fit statistics

ICC

0.205

0.044

0.050

AIC/BIC

6,3829.88/ 6,398.54

5,513.41/5,585.032

5,494.65/5,576.50