Table 2 Supervised physical activity programs with coaching sessions (SPAP) in the workplace
From: Factors for adherence to a physical activity promotion program in the workplace: a systematic review
Reference | Summary of the intervention | Study design | Participants number; (): type of work, worksite | Intervention duration | Theorical Model |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Nichols JF. Impact of a worksite behavioral skills intervention. 2000 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace (following behavioral sessions); PA sessions at a local fitness club (paid membership, supervision depending on the group) PA incentive program: goal and strategy setting up, feedback | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among the combination of the two programs vs non-supervised fitness club membership | N = 60 (two workplaces, office workers) IG: N = 29 CG: N = 31 | 12 weeks + 3-month follow up | SCT TTM |
2. Nurminen E. Effectiveness of a worksite exercise program with respect to perceived work ability and sick leaves among women with physical work. 2002 | RCT using guided exercise intervention to evaluate the effectiveness of a worksite exercise program on perceived work ability and the occurrence of sick leave among women with physically demanding work | RCT with supervised PA sessions in the workplace, 26 sessions, 1 h/week over 8 months | N = 260 (laundry women workers, 11 production units of a laundry company) IG: N = 127 CG: N = 133 | 8 months + Follow-up at 3, 8 and 15 months | - |
3. Brox JI. Health-related quality of life and sickness absence in community nursing home employees: controlled trial of physical exercise. 2005 | Fitness program: weekly session of light group exercise lasting for 1 h. The intervention was founded on an aerobic fitness model supervised by experienced instructors. Classes regarding physical exercise, nutrition and stress management were offered to the IG | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among the combination of fitness program supervised by experienced instructors and classes vs ordinary activity | N = 129 (nursing home for the elderly) IG: N = 65 CG: N = 64 | 6 months | - |
4. Atlantis E. Worksite intervention effects on physical health: a RCT. 2006 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace, during working hours (paid) PA incentive program: behavioral (seminars, individual interviews) and motivational (dissemination of material rewards) program | Interventional, comparative, randomized study IG: supervised exercises including aerobic (20 min duration 3 days/week) and weight training (30 min, 2–3 days/week), and dietary/health education (delivered via group seminars) | N = 73 (casino employees, one site) IG: N = 36 CG: N = 37 | 24 weeks | - |
5. Brand R. Effects of a physical exercise intervention on employees'perceptions quality of life: a RCT. 2006 | PA program: supervised, physical exercise sessions, outside of the working hours (unpaid) | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among the PA program vs the CG 26 sessions. One session per week guided by a fitness coach and conducted in a small group training situation. Voluntary additional sessions | N = 177 (office and blue-collar workers, 3 companies) IG: N = 88 CG: N = 89 | 13 weeks + 3-month follow-up | - |
6. Andersen LL, A Randomized Controlled Intervention Trial to Relieve and Prevent Neck/Shoulder Pain. 2008 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace, 1 h per week during working hours Behavioral program with counseling sessions, setting up of goals and strategies | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among a Specific Resistance Training program (SRT group) vs a All-Round Physical Exercise program (APE) increasing level of PA during both leisure and at work, vs control group (REF) through improved workplace ergonomics, stress management | N = 549 (office workers) SRT: N = 180 APE: N = 187 REF: N = 182 | 1 year | - |
7. Zebis MK. Implementation of neck/shoulder exercises for pain relief among industrial workers: a RCT. 2011 | Interventional, comparative, randomized study. Comparison among the strength training program program vs the CG. The primary outcome was changes in self-reported neck and shoulder pain intensity | High intensity strength training program during working hours: the training regime consisted of three sessions per week, each lasting 20 min. The training group performed high-intensity specific strength training locally for the neck and shoulder muscles with 4 different dumbbell exercises and 1 exercise for the wrist extensor muscles | N = 537 (Laboratory technicians) IG: N = 282 CG: N = 255 | 20 weeks | - |
8. Andersen CH. Influence of frequency and duration of strength training for effective management of neck and shoulder pain: a randomized controlled trial. 2012 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace, during working hours | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among a program with once-weekly supervised sessions (1 WS group: 60 mn) vs 3 supervised sessions per week (3 WS group: 3 × 20 mn) vs 9 supervised sessions per week (9 WS group:9 × 7 mn) vs control (REF group) | N = 447 (office workers) 1 WS: N = 116 3 WS: N = 126 9 WS: N = 106 REF: N = 101 | 20 weeks | - |
9. Jørgensen MB. Implementation of physical coordination training and cognitive behavioral training interventions at cleaning workplaces-secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial. 2012 | Secondary study, datas from FINALE program (Holtermann et al., 2010). PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace. Incentive program: non-individualized informative and behavioral program (working groups) | Qualitative and quantitative approach among an interventional, comparative, randomized study [comparison among the physical coordination training program (PCT group) vs the cognitive training behavioural program (CTBr group) vs control (REF group)]. The objective is to explain adherence/dropout factors | N = 294 (women cleaners) PCT group: N = 95 CTBr group: N = 99 REF group: N = 100 | 12 weeks | CBTT |
10. Van Wormer JJ. Is baseline PA a determinant of participation in worksite walking clubs? Data from the Health Works Trial. 2012 | PA program: implementation of walking clubs in the workplace | Interventional, non-comparative study, data from the RCT HealthWorks program Assessment of the evolution of the PA level of the participants within IG | N = 642 (6 workplaces, office, care and manual workers) | 2 years | - |
11. Pedersen MM. Influence of self-efficacy on compliance to workplace exercise. 2013 | Nested study, ref. n°7 (Zebis MK, 2011) | The purpose was to determine the influence of self-efficacy on compliance to specific strength exercises during working hours | N = 537 (Laboratory technicians) IG: N = 282 CG: N = 255 | 20 weeks | - |
12. Andersen LL. Cardiovascular Health Effects of Internet-Based Encouragements to Do Daily Workplace Stair-Walks: Randomized Controlled Trial. 2013 | Single-blind randomized controlled trial to determine the effect on cardiovascular health of email-based encouragements | Participants were randomly assigned (2:1 ratio) to an email group receiving weekly email-based encouragements to walk the stairs for 10 min a day or to a control group receiving weekly reminders to continue their usual physical activities. The examiner was blinded to group allocation | N = 160 (Large administrative company) IG: N = 106 CG: N = 54 | 10 weeks | - |
13. Gram B. Effect of training supervision on effectiveness of strength training for reducing neck/shoulder pain and headache in office workers: cluster RCT. 2014 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace, during working hours (paid) (depending on the group). Secondary study; Ref. n°8, Andersen CH, 2012 | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among a program with 3 weekly supervised sessions (3 WS group) vs 3 weekly minimal-supervised sessions (3MS group) vs REF | N = 341 (office workers) 3 WS: N = 126 MS: N = 124 REF: N = 101 | 20 weeks | - |
14. Tudor-Locke C. Implementation and adherence issues in a workplace treadmill desk intervention. 2014 | Randomized crossover control trial Pilot study in a real workstation environment | Participants in the IG were required to use the treadmill desk for 45 min twice a day, during the defined period, depending on the cohort they were in (3 or 6 months) | N = 41 (health insurance workplace) IG: N = 21 CG: N = 20 | 6 months (cohort 1). New inclusion period of 3 months (cohort 2) | - |
15. Mair JL. Benefits of a worksite or home-based bench stepping intervention for sedentary middle-aged adults– a pilot study. 2014 | Crossover clinical trial. The objective of the study was that the participants must reach 9 min per day of stair climbing exercise, at least 3 days per week, at home or at work | Before the study, a measurement was made on the studied parameters * (baseline), then the participants had their 4 weeks of training and the final measurement was made * cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, lower limb muscle strength | N = 62 IG: N = 31 (11 training at home, 20 training in the workplace), CG: N = 31 | 4 weeks | - |
16. Mortensen P Effects of Workplace Strength Training for Neck/Shoulder/Arm Pain among Laboratory Technicians: Natural Experiment with 3-Year Follow-Up. 2014 | 1-year RCT with high-intensity strength training for prevention and treatment of neck, shoulder, arm pain; with 3-year follow-up. Secondary study, ref. n°7 (Zebis MK, 2011) | High-intensity strength training program: The training regime consisted of three sessions per week, each lasting 20 min. The training group performed high-intensity specific strength training locally for the neck and shoulder muscles with 4 different dumbbell exercises and 1 exercise for the wrist extensor muscles | N = 537 (laboratory technicians) IG: N = 282 CG: N = 255 Private sector: N = 361 Public sector: N = 161 | 1 year + 3-year follow-up | - |
17. Zebis MK. Time-Wise Change in Neck Pain in Response to Rehabilitation with Specific Resistance Training: Implications for Exercise Prescription. 2014 | Secondary analysis of a parallel-group cluster randomized controlled trial. Women with neck pain were included in the present analysis | The training group performed specific resistance training for the neck/shoulder muscles with 4 different dumbbell exercises, front raise, lateral raise, reverse flies and shrugs, during 20 mn three times a week; the CG received advice to stay active. Participants of both groups registered neck pain intensity (0–100 mm VAS) once a week | N = 131 (two large industrial production units) IG = 77 CG = 54 | 20 weeks | - |
18. Dalager T. Does training frequency and supervision affect compliance, performance and muscular health? A cluster RCT. 2015 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace, during working hours (paid) (depending on the group). Nested study, ref n°8 (Andersen CH, 2012) | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among a program with 1 WS group vs 3 WS group vs 9 WS group vs 3MS group vs control (REF group) | N = 573 (office workers) 1 WS: N = 116 3 WS: N = 126 9 WS: N = 106 3MS: N = 124 REF: N = 101 | 20 weeks | - |
19. Bredahl TVG. When Intervention Meets Organisation, a Qualitative Study of Motivation and Barriers to Physical Exercise at the Workplace. 2015 | Nested study. ref n°8, Andersen CH, 2012 | Qualitative approach: semi-deductive, thematic, and structured interviews conducted on IG | N = 18 out of the 573 participants randomized to one of the IG (office workers) | 20 weeks | - |
20. Jakobsen MD, Effect of workplace- vs home-based physical exercise on musculoskeletal pain among healthcare workers: a cluster RCT. 2015 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace, during working hours (paid) (depending on the group); combined with a behavioral and motivational program (individual counseling sessions). Informative and behavioral program (educational materials and sports equipment) | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among a comprehensive PA program (WORK group) vs an informative program alone (HOME group) | N = 200 (Health care setting, 9 clusters) WORK group: N = 111 HOME group: N = 89 | 10 weeks | - |
21. Andersen LL. Effect of physical exercise on workplace social capital: Cluster RCT. 2015 | Nested study, ref n°20 (Jakobsen MD, 2015) | Originality: investigates the effect of physical exercise on social capital at work | N = 200 | 10 weeks | - |
22. Mayer JM. Impact of a supervised worksite exercise program on back and core muscular endurance in firefighters. 2015 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace, during working hours (paid) | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among the PA program vs the CG Outcomes: back and core muscular endurance was assessed with the Biering-Sorensen test and plank test | N = 96 (professional firefighters) IG: N = 54 CG: N = 42 | 24 weeks | - |
23. Korshoj M. Does aerobic exercise improve or impair cardiorespiratory fitness and health among cleaners? A cluster RCT. 2015 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace, during working hours (paid) | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among the PA (4 months, 2 × 30 mn high intensity > 60% VO2 max, supervised aerobic exercises) program vs reference (REF). Outcomes: cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max), aerobic workload, bpm, sleeping and systolic body pression | N = 116 (women cleaners) Aerobic Exercises: N = 57 REF: N = 59 | 4 months | - |
24. Rasotto C. A Tailored Workplace Exercise Program for Women at Risk for Neck and Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2015 | A 6-month, twice-weekly exercise program was introduced that was tailored to the specific needs of the participants | Randomized by 6 blocks of 10, control trial, two-armed, interventional | N = 60 (industry manual workers) IG: N = 30 CG: N = 30 | 6 months | - |
25. Dalager T. Implementing intelligent physical exercise training at the workplace: health effects among office workers-a RCT. 2016 | Intelligent physical exercise training (IPET) program: supervised physical exercise sessions in the workplace, during working hours (paid), adjusted to each individual's profile and Incentive program ("with health ambassadors") | Interventional, comparative, randomized study. Comparison among the entire program vs the CG. IG received 1-h supervised high-intensity program every week within working hours, and was recommended to perform 30-min of moderate intensity physical activity 6 days a week during leisure | N = 389 (6 companies, office workers) IG: N = 194 CG: N = 195 | 1 year | - |
26. Cuthbert CA. The Effects of Exercise on Physical and Psychological Outcomes in Cancer Caregivers: Results from the RECHARGE RCT. 2016 | RCT examining the effects of a 12-week exercise program on quality of life (Short Form 36 v2), psychological outcomes, PA levels, and physical fitness in caregivers to cancer patients | The goal was to achieve 150 min of aerobic exercise per week in bouts of 10 min or more, and 2 days per week of resistance exercises for each of the major muscle groups | N = 77 (health care workers) IG: N = 38 CG: N = 39 | 12 weeks | - |
27. Justesen JB. Effect of Intelligent Physical Exercise Training on Sickness Presenteeism and Absenteeism Among Office Workers. 2017 | Nested study, ref n°25 (Dalager T, 2009) | Here, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of IPET on presenteeism and absenteeism among office workers | N = 389 (6 companies office workers) IG: N = 194 CG: N = 195 | 1 year | - |
28. Jakobsen MB. Factors affecting pain relief in response to physical exercise interventions among healthcare workers. 2017 | Nested study, ref n°20 (Jakobsen MD, 2015) | Originality: authors focused on musculoskeletal pain adjusted with training adherence | N = 200 | 10 weeks | - |
29. Matsugaki R. Effectiveness of workplace exercise supervised by a physical therapist among nurses conducting shift work: A RCT. 2017 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among a program with supervision (SG) vs without supervision (VG group) Outcomes: VOmax, muscle strength, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and depressive symptom | N = 30 (care setting) SG, supervised group: N = 15 CG: N = 15 | 12 weeks | - |
30. Lowe BD. Evaluation of a Workplace Exercise Program for Control of Shoulder Disorders in Overhead Assembly Work. 2017 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace, during working hours (paid) | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among the PA program vs the CG Outcomes: SRQ (shoulder rating questionnaire), DASH (Discomfort of the Arm Shoulder and Hand), and Nordic questionnaire | N = 76 (two companies, plant workers) IG: N = 41 CG: N = 35 | 6 months | - |
31. Keading T. Whole-body vibration training as a workplace-based sports activity for employees with chronic low-back pain. 2017 | The IG group use whole-body vibration training 2.5 times a week. Randomized and controlled trial. Randomization is conducted by central fax stratified for sex | The sessions were 15 min long, divided into 5 sets of 60 to 120 s. The sessions were built progressively in frequency = from 10 to 30 Hertz, amplitude = from 1.5 to 3.5 mm, and in duration so that the body gets used to it | N = 41 IG = 21 CG = 20 | 3 months | - |
32. Murray M Self-administered physical exercise training as treatment of neck and shoulder pain among military helicopter pilots and crew: a randomized controlled trial; 2017 | Randomized, parallel-group, single-blind, interventional, controlled trial Comparison of pain with and without prior muscle training | Training program: participants completed a 20-week program of strength, endurance, and coordination exercises targeting the neck and shoulder muscles. Sessions were 3 × 20 min per week. Each participant received a training bag containing resistance bands, a head harness, exercise handles, and a manual detailing the exercises. Motivational posters were placed in squadron rooms and tweets were posted on the training homepage to encourage participants. Training videos were also available online | N = 69 (31 pilots, 38 crew member) IG = 35 (exercise-training group) CG = 34 (reference group) | 20 weeks | - |
33. Genin P.M. Employees’ adherence to worksite PA programs: Profiles of compliers vs non-compliers. 2018 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace Nested study: data from Genin PM et al. Effect of a 5-Month Worksite PA Program on Tertiary Employees Overall Health and Fitness. J Occup Environ Med.2017;59(2): e3-e10 | Interventional, comparative, randomized study. Comparison among 2 PA programs vs the CG 1° Novice group (NOV): started the worksite PA program at the beginning of the study. 2° Experienced group (EXP): participants engaged in the worksite PA program for the last 2 years a (minimum of 2 × 45 mn/week). 3° CG (CON): engaged in less than 150 mn moderate PA/week for at least one year and not motivated to start the worksite PA program | N = 95 (office workers) NOV: N = 37 EXP: N = 36 CG: N = 22 | 10 months | - |
34. Genin P.M. Effect of Work-Related Sedentary Time on Overall Health Profile in Active vs Inactive Office Workers. 2018 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace Nested study: datasfrom Genin PM et al. Effect of a 5-Month Worksite PA Program on Tertiary Employees Overall Health and Fitness. J Occup Environ Med.2017;59(2): e3-e10 | Quasi experimental study Comparison PA program among active employees vs inactive employees | N = 193 (office workers) Inactive group: N = 98 Active group: N = 95 | 5 months | - |
35. Corbett DB. The effects of a 12-week worksite PA intervention on anthropometric indices, blood pressure indices, and plasma biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk among university employees. 2018 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace, during working hours (paid) PA incentive program: use of a pedometer (goal = 10,000 steps/day) | Interventional, non-comparative study 12-week PA intervention (60 min, 3 day/week). Each supervised session included aerobic and muscle-strengthening exercises. Participants were given the goal of 10,000 steps per day and categorized as compliers (≥ 10,000 steps per day) or non-compliers (< 10,000 steps per day) | N = 50 (university employees) No CG | 12 weeks | - |
36. Hunter JR. Exercise at an onsite facility with or without direct exercise supervision improves health-related physical fitness and exercise participation: An 8-week RCT with 15-month follow-up. 2018 | PA program: supervised physical exercise sessions in the workplace (depending on the group) | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among the program with vs without supervision | N = 50 (university staff) IG: N = 25 CG: N = 25 | 8 weeks + 15-month follow-up | - |
37. Lidegaard M. Effects of 12 months aerobic exercise intervention on work ability, need for recovery, productivity and rating of exertion among cleaners: a worksite RCT. 2018 | Nested study, ref n°23 (Korshoj M, 2015) | Interventional, comparative, randomized study Comparison among the intervention program (8 months, high intensity aerobic exercises) vs a reference group (REF) Outcomes: cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max), aerobic workload, bpm, sleeping and systolic blood pressure | N = 116 (women cleaners) Aerobic Exercises: N = 57 CG: N = 59 | 4-month supervised program, + 8-month partially supervised program | - |
38. Faes Y. Stochastic Resonance Training Improves Balance and Musculoskeletal Well-Being in Office Workers: A Controlled Preventive Intervention Study. 2018 | Longitudinal randomized-controlled trial Resonance whole-body vibration (SR-WBV) was expected to improve surefootedness, sense of balance over time, and musculoskeletal well-being | The training group was instructed to complete 3 stochastic resonance whole-body vibration (SR-WBV) 10 mn exercises every week for 4 weeks, the control group received no treatment | N = 62 (office workers) IG: N = 36 CG: N = 26 | 4 weeks | - |
39. Krebs S. Effects of a Worksite Group Intervention to Promote PA and Health: The Role of Psychological Coaching. 2019 | PA program: supervised PA sessions in the workplace PA incentive program: behavioral program with group sessions | Interventional, comparative, randomized study. Comparison among the combination of a”practical” PA program combined with a “theoretical” (psychological) coaching component (PA + C) vs the “practical” (PA) component alone | N = 213 (employees from industrial companies) PA + C: N = 108 CG: N = 105 | 4 weeks + 6 months + 12-month Follow-up | TTM, SCT |
40. Johnston V. Feasibility and impact of sit-stand workstations with and without exercise in office workers at risk of low back pain: A pilot comparative effectiveness trial. 2019 | Participants were provided with a sit-stand workstation (options were an electric height adjustable desk or a desktop height adjustable platform) IG completed a physiotherapist-supervised progressive resistance exercise programme to strengthen core muscles | Two-armed, randomized, interventional trial. Comparison of 2 groups of office workers at risk; one with a"sit-stand"desk without an exercise program, and the second with this same desk and a progressive resistance exercise program | N = 29 (office workers) IG: N = 16 (desk + exercise) CG: N = 13 (desk) | 4 weeks | - |
41. Stenner HT. Effects of six-month personalized endurance training on work ability in middle-aged sedentary women: a secondary analysis of a RCT. 2020 | The aim of the training intervention was to perform 210 min of endurance training a week (20–60 min units for at least 3 days per week) over 6 months. Participants in the IG were able to complete part of their training during their working hours (full-time staff 60 min per week and part-time staff 30 min per week) at the in-house workplace health club | PA program based on work ability (Work Ability Index [WAI]), and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) evaluation For individualized training, the participants in the IG received heart rate ranges based on the lactate threshold (approx. 60–80% of the estimated max. heart rate) for their respective activities, such as cycling, rowing and walking | N = 291 (hospital employees*) IG: N = 146 CG: N = 145 *Medical and technical workers (33%), administration (27%), nursing (19%) and physician/scient-ist (12%) | 6 months | - |
42. Eather N. Integrating high intensity interval training into the workplace: The Work-HIIT pilot RCT. 2020 | The study design was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a wait-list control group. Participants were asked to attend 2–3 researcher-facilitated HIIT sessions/week (weeks 1–8) | Sessions included a 2-min gross-motor warm-up, followed by various combinations of aerobic and muscular fitness exercises lasting 8 min (using 30:30 s work: rest intervals). During weeks 5–8, the work to rest ratio changed to 40 secs:20 secs throughout the 8-min workout. If a participant didn’t attend at least two sessions in a given week, the facilitator contacted them directly to check on their health status | N = 47 (University employees) IG: N = 24 CG: N = 23 | 8 weeks | - |
43. Perez-Bilbao T. Effects of an Eight-Week Concurrent Training Program with Different Effort Character over Physical Fitness, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Lipid Profile among Hospital Workers: Preliminary Results 2021 | This RCT aimed to determine the effects of two programs of eight weeks of concurrent training (CT) with different “effort character” (EC) over muscle strength (MS), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), functional mobility (FM), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and lipid profile (LP) among hospital workers | The exercise intervention consisted of 60–90 min CT sessions two times per week on non-consecutive days across eight weeks, with the performance of endurance and strength training in the same session. The endurance training program was performed using a treadmill. Each participant’s endurance training intensity was calculated as the target heart rate (THR) based on the subject’s age and predicted maximum heart rate | N = 14 (hospital workers) IG: N = 7 CG: N = 7 | 8 weeks | - |
44. Higham SM. Effects of Concurrent Exercise Training on Body Composition, Systemic Inflammation and Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Inactive Academics; a Randomised Controlled Trial. 2023 | This randomized controlled trial investigated the effect of 14 weeks of concurrent exercise training (CT) on components of metabolic syndrome, body composition, insulin resistance and markers of systemic inflammation in inactive academics | CT performed supervised training at an onsite facility 3 times per week for 14 weeks and cardiometabolic health was assessed pre- and post-intervention. Aerobic capacity was measured via a metabolic cart. Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry measured fat mass, lean mass and central adiposity. Fasting blood samples were analysed for interleukin- 6 (IL- 6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), glucose, and lipid profile | N = 59 (“inactive” academics) IG: N = 29 CG: N = 30 | 14 weeks | - |
45. Brandt T. The MedXFit-study – CrossFit as a workplace health intervention: a one-year, prospective, controlled, longitudinal, intervention study. 2024 | Prospective, controlled intervention design Employees were invited to participate in intervention group (IG) or control group (CG) on their own preferences. Inclusion criteria were a predominantly sedentary occupation and execution of less than two muscle and/or mobility enhancing training sessions per week at the time of enrolling | The IG did a CrossFit training of 1 h at least twice a week. Mobility, strength, well-being, and back issues were measured at the beginning, after 6, and 12 months. Participants in the CG were free to choose any other activities offered at the same time (e.g., circuit training, meditation, full body stability training). Adherence, behavioral change and maintenance qualities were evaluated based on the COM-B system and presence of behavior maintenance motives | N = 82 (Military and civilian staff) IG: N = 55, CG: N = 34 | 12 months | - |