Women’s experiences of homelessness and violence during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada’s largest city: an integrated qualitative analysis of clients of violence against women organizations and encampment residents

Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of the analytic sample by origin study

Sociodemographic characteristic	MARCO-VAW (N = 10)	MARCO-Encampments (N = 23)
Gender^a
Cisgender woman	9 (90%)	9 (39%)
Cisgender man	0	11 (48%)
Gender expansive or transgender^b	1 (10%)	2 (9%)
Sexual identity^a
Heterosexual or straight	8 (80%)	14 (61%)
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, or other	2 (20%)	8 (35%)
Race
White	3 (30%)	9 (39%)
Black	2 (20%)	4 (17%)
Latin American	2 (20%)	0
South or East Asian	3 (30%)	1 (4%)
Middle Eastern	0	1 (4%)
Indigenous	0	8 (35%)
Age, Median (IQR)	47 (40–56)	37 (30–50)
Education^a
Less than high school	0	9 (39%)
High school	1 (10%)	5 (22%)
Some college or university	0	3 (13%)
College or university certificate/diploma	9 (90%)	5 (22%)

^aOne participant from the MARCO-Encampments Study did not provide data on their gender, sexual identity, or education, hence totals do not add to 100% for these variables
^bParticipants in this category identified as either transgender women or nonbinary (e.g., gender fluid)

ISSN: 1471-2458