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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants by categories of sleep score

From: Joint effects of physical activity and sleep quality on all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in stroke survivors: a population-based cohort study from the UK-Biobank

Characteristics

Sleep scores a

All

(N = 5, 507)

Poor/Intermediate

(N  = 2, 970)

Healthy

(N = 2, 537)

p

age, mean (SD)

60.12 (7.06)

60.06 (6.90)

60.19 (7.25)

0.499

Sex, n (%)

   

0.049

 Male

3,304 (60.00)

1,818 (61.21)

1,486 (58.57)

 

 Female

2,203 (40.00)

1,152 (38.79)

1,051 (41.43)

 

Body Mass Index (kg/m2), mean (SD)

28.52 (5.10)

29.03 (5.35)

27.92 (4.74)

< 0.001

Body Mass Index (kg/m2), n (%)

   

<0.001

 Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2)

102 (1.85)

60 (2.02)

42 (1.66)

 

 Normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2)

1,263 (22.93)

583 (19.63)

678 (26.72)

 

 Overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2)

2,343 (42.55)

1,250 (42.09)

1,094 (43.12)

 

 Obese (≥ 30.0 kg/m2)

1,799 (32.67)

1,077 (36.26)

723 (28.50)

 

Socioeconomic status, mean (SD)

-0.74 (3.33)

-0.50 (3.43)

-1.02 (3.20)

<0.001

Sedentary behaviour (hour/day), mean (SD)

5.16 (2.73)

5.47 (2.86)

4.80 (2.51)

<0.001

Mental health issue, n (%)

   

<0.001

 No

3,284 (59.63)

1,631 (54.92)

1,653 (65.16)

 

 Yes

2,223 (40.37)

1,339 (45.08)

884 (34.84)

 

Employment status, n (%)

   

<0.001

 Retired/not in the workforce

3,876 (70.38)

2,153 (72.49)

1,723 (67.91)

 

 Employed not in shift work

1,345 (24.42)

650 (21.89)

695 (27.39)

 

 Employed in night shift work

135 (2.45)

76 (2.56)

59 (2.33)

 

 Employed in day shift work

151 (2.74)

91 (3.06)

60 (2.36)

 

Cigarette smoking, n (%)

   

<0.001

 Never

2,366 (42.96)

1,153 (38.82)

1,213 (47.81)

 

 Previous smoker

2,324 (42.20)

1,294 (43.57)

1,030 (40.60)

 

 Current smoker

817 (14.84)

523 (17.61)

294 (11.59)

 

Alcohol consumption, n (%)

   

0.009

 Never

313 (5.68)

159 (5.35)

154 (6.07)

 

 Previous drinker

380 (6.90)

233 (7.85)

148 (5.83)

 

 Current drinker

4,814 (87.42)

2,578 (86.80)

2,235 (88.10)

 

Living alone, n (%)

   

0.019

 No

4,193 (76.14)

2,224 (74.88)

1,969 (77.61)

 

 Yes

1,314 (23.86)

746 (25.12)

568 (22.39)

 

Hypertension history, n (%)

   

0.004

 No

2,917 (52.97)

1,519 (51.14)

1,398 (55.10)

 

 Yes

2,590 (47.03)

1,451 (48.86)

1,139 (44.90)

 

Diabetes history, n (%)

   

<0.001

 No

4,821 (87.54)

2,534 (85.32)

2,287 (90.15)

 

 Yes

686 (12.46)

436 (14.68)

250 (9.85)

 

Physical activity b

   

<0.001

 low (0 < 600 MET-min/week)

1,374 (24.95)

860 (28.96)

514 (20.26)

 

 medium (600 < 1200 MET-min/week)

974 (17.69)

521 (17.54)

453 (17.86)

 

 High (≥ 1200 MET-min/week)

3,159 (57.36)

1,589 (53.50)

1,570 (61.88)

 

MVPA (min/week) (mean ± SD)

   

<0.001

 Not recommended MVPA, n (%)

2,849 (51.73)

1,643 (55.32)

1,206 (47.54)

 

 Recommended MVPA, n (%)

2,658 (48.27)

1,327 (44.68)

1,331 (52.46)

 
  1. Note: Continuous variables are presented as mean ± SD; categorical variables are presented as n (%). a Sleep scores were categorised into: poor/intermediate, 0 ~ 3; healthy, 4 ~ 5. b Physical active were categorization based on public health guidelines: low (< 600 MET-mins/week); medium (600 to < 1200 MET-mins/week); and high (≥ 1200 MET-mins/week). Recommended MVPA (≥ 150 min of MPA, or ≥ 75 min of VPA, or equivalent combinations of both throughout the week). SD, standard deviation; n, total number; MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; MPA, Moderate- intensity physical activity; VPA.Vigorous-intensity physical activity
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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