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Table 3 Annual average concentration of NO2 and temperature by season from 1996–2012

From: Regional differences in acute hospitalization risk associated with NO2 by cause, season, age, sex, and trend: an ecological time series study in Canada

Citya

Number of NAPS

NO2b (SDc)

Temperatured (SDc)

Warme

Colde

Warme

Colde

Halifax

5

11 (7)

13 (7)

13 (6)

1 (6)

Saint John

4

7 (5)

7 (6)

12 (5)

0 (7)

Quebec City

6

9 (4)

15 (8)

14 (6)

−4 (8)

Montreal

14

14 (6)

19 (8)

16 (6)

−2 (8)

Ottawa

3

11 (8)

16 (9)

16 (6)

−2 (8)

Durham

2

12 (9)

14 (9)

16 (6)

0 (7)

York

2

8 (4)

12 (7)

16 (6)

0 (8)

Toronto

11

20 (8)

23 (8)

17 (6)

2 (7)

Peel

4

15 (8)

19 (9)

17 (6)

1 (7)

Halton

3

14 (6)

16 (7)

17 (6)

1 (7)

Hamilton

4

15 (8)

18 (8)

16 (6)

1 (7)

Niagara

2

11 (6)

15 (7)

17 (6)

2 (7)

Waterloo

2

9 (5)

14 (8)

16 (6)

0 (7)

Windsor

3

16 (7)

20 (8)

18 (6)

2 (7)

Sarnia

2

12 (7)

14 (8)

17 (6)

1 (7)

London

3

11 (5)

15 (8)

16 (6)

1 (7)

Sudbury

2

6 (3)

9 (5)

14 (7)

−5 (9)

Sault Ste. Marie

3

6 (4)

10 (6)

13 (6)

−4 (8)

Winnipeg

2

9 (4)

15 (7)

15 (7)

−6 (10)

Regina

2

10 (4)

14 (6)

13 (6)

−8 (10)

Saskatoon

1

9 (4)

14 (6)

13 (6)

−8 (10)

Calgary

4

15 (6)

26 (9)

11 (6)

−4 (8)

Edmonton

9

9 (4)

16 (8)

12 (6)

−5 (9)

Vancouver

21

13 (4)

17 (5)

15 (4)

6 (4)

Eastern

32f

11 (6)

14 (9)

15 (6)

−1 (8)

Central

43f

12 (7)

15 (8)

16 (6)

0 (8)

Western

39f

11 (5)

17 (8)

13 (6)

−4 (10)

Combined

114f

11 (7)

16 (8)

15 (6)

−1 (9)

  1. aCities are ordered geographically from east to west
  2. bNO2 concentrations are calculated using the imputed 24-h daily average in ppb
  3. cStandard deviation of annual values for 17 years, 1996–2012
  4. dTemperatures are calculated using 24-h daily average in °C
  5. eWarm (April to September); Cold (October to March)
  6. fNumber of all NAPS within region or nation