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Table 4 The influences of personality on COVID-19 related knowledge, e-health literacy, and infection status (n = 1900)

From: Role of introvert and extrovert personalities in perception of COVID-19’s impact, psychological state, knowledge, infection, and preparedness preferences

Variables (score range)

Descriptions: mean (SD) / n (%)

Regression: extrovert vs introverta

Introverts (n = 881)

Extroverts (n = 1019)

b/OR (95% CI)

Adjusted p**

How would you rate your knowledge level on COVID-19? (1–7)

4.26 (0.93)

4.43 (0.92)

0.13 (0.05, 0.21)

0.016

How would you rate your knowledge level on how to prevent spread of COVID-19? (1–7)

4.30 (0.90)

4.50 (0.95)

0.16 (0.08, 0.25)

 < 0.001

Do you think you have adequate knowledge about COVID-19? (1–7)

4.30 (0.96)

4.44 (0.97)

0.10 (0.01, 0.18)

0.144

During the pandemic, how susceptible do you consider yourself to an infection with COVID-19? (1–7)

4.16 (1.25)

4.27 (1.32)

0.12 (0.01, 0.24)

0.185

During the pandemic, how severe would contracting COVID-19 be for you? (1–7)

4.33 (1.23)

4.18 (1.29)

−0.15 (−0.26, −0.03)

0.091

During the pandemic, how severe is the spread COVID-19 in your community? (1–7)

4.43 (1.28)

4.52 (1.25)

0.10 (−0.02, 0.21)

0.368

E-health literacy (8–40)

26.90 (6.54)

27.64 (6.40)

0.30 (−0.23, 0.83)

0.540

Whether you have been infected with the COVID-19 (Yes/No)

278/603

325/694

0.96 (0.79, 1.17)

0.702

Whether someone in your immediate social circle has been infected COVID-19 (Yes/No)

568/313

694/325

0.85 (0.70, 1.03)

0.368

  1. Personality types (introverts vs. extroverts) were considered independent variables, with each variable on each line taken as the dependent variable. After completing all the regressions, the Holm-Bonferroni method was used to adjust the p-values from the regressions
  2. aAdjusted for age, education, and perceived social rank
  3. **Adjusted p values were p-values calculated using the Holm–Bonferroni method