Table 5 Subgroup analysis of the association between dietary copper intake and all-cause mortality rate

Sex

0.12

 Male

-0.17(-0.23, -0.11)

< 0.0001

 Female

-0.09(-0.16, -0.03)

0.01

Ethic

0.08

 White

-0.15(-0.19, -0.10)

< 0.0001

 Other

-0.17(-0.28, -0.05)

0.004

 Black

0.01(-0.15,0.17)

0.92

 Mexican

-0.2(-0.31, -0.08)

< 0.001

Education

0.2

 Less than 9th grade

-0.08(-0.18,0.02)

0.13

 9-11th grade (Includes 12th grade with no diploma)

-0.19(-0.30, -0.08)

< 0.001

 High school graduate/GED or equivalent

-0.02(-0.10, 0.07)

0.67

 Some college or AA degree

-0.11(-0.18, -0.05)

< 0.001

 College graduate or above

-0.08(-0.25, 0.09)

0.37

Diabetes

0.91

 No

-0.11(-0.17, -0.05)

< 0.001

 DM

-0.13(-0.20, -0.06)

< 0.001

 IFG

-0.16(-0.30, -0.01)

0.03

 IGT

-0.16(-0.38, 0.06)

0.15

Alcohol.user

0.55

 Former

-0.12(-0.21, -0.03)

0.01

 Mild

-0.11(-0.18, -0.03)

0.01

 Heavy

-0.01(-0.16, 0.13)

0.85

 Never

-0.14(-0.21, -0.07)

< 0.001

 Moderate

-0.14(-0.26, -0.02)

0.03

Smoke

0.38

 Former

-0.16(-0.21, -0.11)

< 0.0001

 Now

-0.08(-0.17, 0.02)

0.10

 Never

-0.12(-0.21, -0.02)

0.01

Age

0.55

 < 60

-0.13(-0.17, -0.08)

< 0.0001

 ≥ 60

0.06(-0.82,0.94)

0.85

BMI

0.22

 Normal weight

-0.15(-0.23, -0.06)

0.002

 Over weight

-0.17(-0.23, -0.11)

< 0.0001

 Obesity

-0.09(-0.16, -0.01)

0.02