Table 4 Changes in influenza vaccination locations from 2018–2019 to 2023–2024 in Canada
From: Adult influenza vaccination coverage before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada
Season | Permenant or temporary vaccine clinic (i.e. at the mall) % (95% CI) | P-value | Doctor’s office / health clinic % (95% CI) | P-value | CLSC / Community health centre % (95% CI) | P-value | Hospital % (95% CI) | P-value | Pharmacy % (95% CI) | P-value | Workplace % (95% CI) | P-value | Retirement residence / eldercare centre % (95% CI) | P-value | Other % (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018–2019 (Reference) | 4.9 (3.8-6.0) | - | 32.7 (29.9–35.4) | - | 7.5 (5.7–9.2) | - | 5.6 (4.2–6.9) | - | 35.4 (32.5–38.3) | - | 7.5 (5.7–9.3) | - | 1.4 (0.8–2.1) | - | 5.1 (3.8–6.4) | - |
2019–2020 | 4.2 (3.1–5.4) | 0.417 | 28.2 (25.3–31.1) | 0.029 | 5.9 (4.5–7.3) | 0.162 | 5.2 (3.6–6.9) | 0.770 | 40.0 (36.9–43.1) | 0.033 | 8.4 (6.5–10.2) | 0.507 | 1.2 (0.7–1.8) | 0.669 | 6.8 (5.2–8.5) | 0.094 |
2020–2021 | 6.4 (4.9–7.9) | 0.114 | 23.0 (20.4–25.6) | < 0.001 | 5.8 (4.4–7.2) | 0.136 | 3.1 (2.1–4.2) | 0.007 | 48.6 (45.6–51.7) | < 0.001 | 6.7 (5.0-8.4) | 0.506 | 1.7 (1.0-2.5) | 0.560 | 4.6 (3.4–5.8) | 0.609 |
2021–2022 | 9.1 (7.4–10.7) | < 0.001 | 22.2 (19.8–24.6) | < 0.001 | 3.2 (2.1–4.3) | < 0.001 | 2.8 (1.8–3.7) | 0.001 | 53.4 (50.4–56.3) | < 0.001 | 6.7 (5.0-8.4) | 0.515 | 1.7 (1.1–2.4) | 0.528 | 1.0 (0.4–1.5) | < 0.001 |
2022–2023 | 12.1 (10.4–13.8) | < 0.001 | 17.4 (15.4–19.4) | < 0.001 | 5.2 (3.9–6.4) | 0.031 | 2.8 (1.9–3.7) | 0.001 | 52.3 (49.7–55.0) | < 0.001 | 4.6 (3.4–5.8) | 0.007 | 0.9 (0.5–1.3) | 0.153 | 4.6 (3.5–5.7) | 0.590 |
2023–2024 | 12.1 (10.6–13.7) | < 0.001 | 15.2 (13.4–17.1) | < 0.001 | 3.3 (2.3–4.3) | < 0.001 | 2.8 (1.8–3.8) | 0.001 | 57.4 (54.9–59.9) | < 0.001 | 5.0 (3.7–6.2) | 0.016 | 1.2 (0.7–1.7) | 0.587 | 3.0 (2.2–3.8) | 0.004 |