Table 3 MANOVA results comparing five PA profiles for reasons to exercise, motivation regulation, and PA categories
5-PA Profiles | Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low PA | High intensity PA | Moderate Intensity PA | Walking PA | Sitting | ||||||||
N = 403 | N = 143 | N = 127 | N = 116 | N = 380 | ||||||||
Reasons for Exercise | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | F | eta2 |
Mood enhancement | 4.1 | 1.3 | 4.6 | 1.0 | 4.5 | 1.1 | 4.4 | 1.2 | 3.9 | 1.3 | 14.07*** | .046 a,b,g,i,j |
Solitude | 3.1 | 1.5 | 3.6 | 1.3 | 3.4 | 1.4 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 2.9 | 1.4 | 7.97*** | .027 a,g,i |
Social | 2.5 | 1.2 | 3.2 | 1.3 | 3.0 | 1.2 | 2.7 | 1.1 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 15.71*** | .051 a,b,f,g,i |
Fitness | 4.2 | 1.0 | 4.6 | .80 | 4.6 | .93 | 4.5 | .86 | 4.0 | 1.0 | 16.59*** | .054 a,b,c,g,i,j |
Preventative health | 4.7 | .96 | 4.7 | 1.1 | 4.8 | 1.0 | 4.6 | .98 | 4.5 | 1.1 | 2.42** | .008 |
Weight management | 3.9 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 1.2 | 3.8 | 1.2 | 3.8 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 1.4 | .38 | .001 |
Appearance | 3.7 | 1.3 | 4.0 | 1.1 | 3.9 | 1.3 | 4.0 | 1.3 | 3.7 | 1.3 | 1.68 | .006 |
Health concerns | 3.3 | 1.3 | 3.1 | 1.3 | 3.1 | 1.3 | 3.3 | 1.3 | 3.0 | 1.3 | 1.74 | .006 |
Competition | 1.8 | 1.1 | 2.4 | 1.3 | 2.3 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 1.1 | 13.13*** | .043 a,b,g,i |
Motivation | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | F | eta2 |
External | 1.6 | .75 | 1.4 | .57 | 1.6 | .86 | 1.5 | .72 | 1.6 | .77 | 2.83** | .010 a,g |
Introjected | 2.8 | 1.3 | 3.2 | 1.1 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 2.9 | 1.1 | 3.63*** | .012 a |
Identified | 3.8 | .87 | 4.4 | .58 | 4.3 | .77 | 4.0 | .81 | 3.7 | .92 | 26.54*** | .084 a,b,f,g,h,i,j |
Integrated | 3.2 | 1.1 | 4.1 | .97 | 3.8 | 1.1 | 3.4 | 1.1 | 2.9 | 1.2 | 32.37*** | .100 a,b,f,g,h,i,j |
Intrinsic | 3.4 | 1.1 | 4.0 | .93 | 3.8 | 1.0 | 3.7 | 1.0 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 23.53*** | .075 a,b,d,g,i,j |
Relative Autonomy | 14.3 | 6.0 | 18.7 | 4.5 | 17.4 | 6.1 | 16.1 | 5.7 | 12.9 | 6.2 | 33.40*** | .103 a,b,c,d,f,g,i,j |
Physical Activity | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | F | eta2 |
Vigorous | 86.6 | 86.1 | 441.1 | 131.3 | 249.1 | 158.0 | 172.2 | 153.2 | 90.5 | 96.2 | 321.16*** | .525 a,b,c,e,f,g,h,i |
Moderate | 95.1 | 85.1 | 156.1 | 109.2 | 390.1 | 121.8 | 180.7 | 149.1 | 94.3 | 104.3 | 216.12*** | .426 a,b,c,e,g,h,i,j |
Walking | 155.6 | 127.4 | 169.1 | 153.7 | 293.2 | 178.2 | 842.3 | 197.7 | 173.7 | 156.0 | 502.24*** | .633 b,c,e,f,h,i, j |
Sitting | 187.7 | 88.4 | 290.3 | 114.3 | 180.7 | 96.3 | 259.0 | 125.1 | 481.3 | 85.8 | 529.39*** | .645 a,c,d,e,g,h,i |