Table 2 Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression examining the association of parent-child connectedness and covariates with alcohol consumption among the sample studied

Explanatory Variable

   Parental Homework Supervision (Yes) ^¥

0.699 [0.627 – 0.780]

0.001***

0.812 [0.721 – 0.914]

0.001**

0.859 [0.760 – 0.971]

0.017**

   Parents Understand Problems (Yes) ^¥

0.730 [0.638 – 0.836]

0.001***

0.890 [0.777–1.018]

0.086

0.943 [0.821–1.082]

0.389

   Parental Free Time Supervision (Yes) ^¥

0.552 [0.486 – 0.626]

0.001***

0.600 [0.525 – 0.686]

0.001***

0.685 [0.594 – 0.791]

0.001***

Other Substance Use

   Marijuana (Yes) ^¥

13.254 [10.494–16.740]

0.001***

6.686 [5.352–8.352]

0.001***

Socio-Demographics

Sex

   Female

Ref.

Ref.

   Male

2.735 [2.344–3.192]

0.001***

1.535 [1.288–1.828]

0.001***

Age

   ≤13

Ref.

Ref.

   14–16

1.913 [1.524–2.399]

1.803 [1.443–2.254]

0.001***

   ≥16

3.125 [2.477–3.943]

0.001***

2.802 [2.274–3.3454]

0.001***

Socioemotional Distress

   No close friends (Yes) ^¥

0.713 [0.568 – 0.896]

0.005**

0.741 [0.573 – 0.959]

0.024*

   Anxiety (Yes) ^¥

1.646 [1.435–1.889]

0.001***

1.333 [1.102–1.612]

0.005**

   Bullied (Yes) ^¥

1.419 [1.210–1.665]

0.001***

1.165 [0.991–1.366]

0.058

   Physically attacked (Yes) ^¥

1.862 [1.628–2.130]

0.001***

1.224 [1.068–1.402]

0.005**

   Physical Fight (Yes) ^¥

2.298 [1.975–2.674]

0.001***

1.364 [1.188–1.566]

0.001***

Contextual Factors

   Peer Support (Yes) ^¥

0.826 [0.736 – 0.928]

0.002**

1.022 [0.910–1.144]

0.721

   Loneliness (Yes) ^¥

1.267 [1.065–1.508]

0.009**

1.020 [0.826–1.258]

0.854

   Passive Smoking (Yes) ^¥

4.466 [3.930–5.075]

0.001***

2.614 [2.292–2.981]

0.001***

   School Truancy (Yes) ^¥

2.386 [2.110–2.697]

0.001***

1.429 [1.227–1.665]

0.001***