Table 3 Social resource utilization and bystander involvement

With resource

Without resource

Paramedics

2,265 (27.9%)

[26.9 – 28.9%]

1. 66.2% - Non-prescribed opioid use, without intention to cause harm

2. 20.3% - Unclear context, without intention to cause harm

3. 6.8% - Unclear context, undetermined intent to cause harm

1. 44.8% - Non-prescribed opioid use, without intention to cause harm

2. 21.5% - Unclear context, without intention to cause harm

3. 14.1% - Self-poisoning

Police (including peace officer)

413 (5.1%)

[4.6 – 5.6%]

1. 58.6% - Non-prescribed opioid use, without intention to cause harm

2. 16.2% - Unclear context, without intention to cause harm

3. 11.4% - Self-poisoning

1. 50.4% - Non-prescribed opioid use, without intention to cause harm

2. 21.5% - Unclear context, without intention to cause harm

3. 11.5% - Self-poisoning

Security guard

183 (2.3%)

[2.0 – 2.6%]

1. 65.0% - Non-prescribed opioid use, without intention to cause harm

2. 25.0% - Unclear context, without intention to cause harm

3. 8.2% - Unclear context, undetermined intent to cause harm

1. 50.5% - Non-prescribed opioid use, without intention to cause harm

2. 21.1% - Unclear context, without intention to cause harm

3. 11.7% - Self-poisoning

Child welfare or social worker

36 (0.4%)

[0.3 – 0.6%]

1. 47.2% - Non-prescribed opioid use, without intention to cause harm

2. 19.4% - Children’s exposure

3. 11.1% - Self-poisoning

1. 50.8% - Non-prescribed opioid use, without intention to cause harm

2. 21.3% - Unclear context, without intention to cause harm

3. 11.5% - Self-poisoning

With bystander

Without bystander

Bystander involvement

1,535 (18.9%)

[18.1 – 19.8%]

1. 61.4% - Non-prescribed opioid use, without intention to cause harm

2. 26.8% - Unclear context, without intention to cause harm

3. 8.7% - Unclear context, undetermined intent to cause harm

1. 48.3% - Non-prescribed opioid use, without intention to cause harm

2. 19.9% - Unclear context, without intention to cause harm

3. 13.6% - Self-poisoning