Fig. 1

Model a) Greater changes in social relationships are linked to greater changes in health outcomes among older adults who experience no or small changes in frailty; however, changes in social relationships are not associated with changes in health outcomes among older adults who experience increases in frailty (Hypothesis H1a).
Model b) Greater changes in social relationships are linked to greater changes in health outcomes among older adults who experience increases in frailty; however, changes in social relationships are not associated with changes in health outcomes among older adults who experience no changes in frailty (Hypothesis H1b)