Table 1 Search strategy for scoping literature review

1

"Disinformation"[Mesh]

TITLE-ABS-KEY(misinformation OR disinformation OR “fake information” OR “fake news” OR “conspiracy theor*” OR infodem* OR “false science” OR “misleading information” OR rumor*)

TS = (misinformation OR disinformation OR "fake information" OR "fake news" OR "conspiracy theor*" OR infodem* OR "false science" OR "misleading information" OR rumor* OR rumour*)

2

misinformation[tiab] OR disinformation[tiab] OR "fake information"[tiab] OR "fake news"[tiab] OR "conspiracy theor*"[tiab] OR infodem*[tiab] OR "false science"[tiab] OR "misleading information" OR rumor*[tiab]

TITLE-ABS-KEY(“digital health literacy” OR “health literacy” OR “science literacy” OR “tools against” OR “preventive measure*” OR “methods to address” OR “infodemic management” OR “manag* infodemic*” OR “information literacy” OR “eHealth literacy” OR “fact check*” OR solution OR “rumor track*” OR mythbust* OR debunk* OR prebunk* OR rebuttal)

TS = ("digital health literacy" OR "health literacy" OR "science literacy" OR "tools against" OR "preventive measure*" OR "methods to address" OR "infodemic management" OR "manag* infodemic*" OR "information literacy" OR "eHealth literacy" OR "fact check*" OR solution OR "rumor track*" OR mythbust* OR debunk* OR prebunk* OR rebuttal)

3

#1 OR #2

#1 AND #2

#1 AND #2

4

"Health Literacy"[Mesh]

5

"digital health literacy"[tiab] OR "health literacy"[tiab] OR "science literacy"[tiab] OR "tools against"[tiab] OR "preventive measure*"[tiab] OR "methods to address"[tiab] OR combat*[tiab] OR countermeasure*[tiab] OR "infodemic management"[tiab] OR "managing infodemic*"[tiab] OR "information literacy"[tiab] OR "eHealth literacy"[tiab] OR "fact check*"[tiab] OR solution*[tiab] OR "rumor tracking"[tiab] OR mythbust*[tiab] OR debunk*[tiab] OR prebunk*[tiab] OR rebuttal[tiab]

6

#4 OR #5

7

#3 AND #6